Negative Interest Rates Explained
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global business and economies at a scale barely ever seen before. Governments and central banks across the world have responded to the emerging crisis with aggressive fiscal policies in a bid to address the economic impact of the pandemic. Record low interest rates was one of the key tools deployed by most central banks. But by now, it is evident that COVID-19 will remain with us in some form or the other for a long time to come. While vaccinations can help to stave off serious illness, emerging variants will keep the disease circulating in the population as it hopefully will become endemic like the flu. Given this long-term perspective there are growing calls for central banks to move the negative interest rates (NIR). Most central banks and even the International Monetary Fund (IMF), however, say that NIR has eased financial stress and supported growth and inflation. NIR first emerged in 2012 when central banks of Denm...